Nineteenth Amendment

The Nineteenth Amendment was a women's suffrage amendment that was introduced to congress in 1868. Ten years later, the suffrage supporters proposed the new Amendment. They called this the "so-called Anthony Amendment", named for Susan B. Anthony, which was modeled off of the Fifteenth Amendment. This amendment provided that "the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex".  Suffragists were unsure of the prospects of a constitutional amendment and resorted to breaking laws. Susan B. Anthony was prosecuted for attempting to vote when she did not have a "lawful right". After being convicted the Supreme Court rejected the her rights and held the Fourteenth Amendment against her. Their evidence was that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give the right to vote to women. The Constitution allows states to determine the qualifications for voting and before the amendment, most states neglected women. Taken back by the women's activist, the suffragist movement succeeding and persuaded Congress to enact the Nineteenth Amendment in 1919. The Nineteenth Amendment was ratified on August 18th 1920. This amendment guarantees women the right to vote and was a huge accomplishment in the history of women.

http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?entry=t184.e0848&srn=1&ssid=900502719#FIRSTHIT
http://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1353208?terms=nineteenth+amendment

Susan B. Anthony: Women's Right to Vote speech (1873)

In 1872, Susan B. Anthony, an American woman suffragist, tried to cast a vote in the U.S presidential election. This action was illegal. For this, she was fined $100 which she refused to pay. Due to this in justice, she delivered speeches to secure her efforts of the women's rights, and the right to vote in the United States. Anthony was outraged because she did not feel that she was committing a crime, but fulfilling her responsibility as a citizen. She felt that she was practicing her given right guaranteed by the Constitution. Anthony sees the laws as a mockery because all citizens are equal and granted equal rights, but women do not get to receive them. The equality is spoken of but not given. She is enraged that women are not allowed to vote because they are citizens and it is unjust to only give our guaranteed rights to one gender. Anthony states " To them this government is not a democracy. It is not a republic. It is an odious aristocracy; a hateful oligarchy of sex". She expresses that she feels the government is no longer just and is not a democracy. It is a government that favors one sex and rejects the rights to the other.  Susan B. Anthony is encouraging women to carry out their rights and fight for the ones not being given.

http://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/253900?terms=susan+b+anthony

National American Women Suffrage Association

The National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was created in 1890. It was a merge of two different organizations, the National Women Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Association. The main goal for the organization was to fight for women's rights and receive the equality they deserved. For over 30 years the organization served as a advocate for woman suffrage, public education, seeking support and assisting in campaigns for amendments. Due to the NAWSA efforts and many other activists, the 19th amendment was ratified granting voting rights to women. The first president of the organization was Elizabeth Cady Straton then followed by Susan B. Anthony. The organization was infused with the ideas of a younger generation of feminists who had attended college and had careers. These women wanted to move past the discrimination of women and show how powerful and equal women are.The National American Women Suffrage Association strived to grant equality for women.With the help of the NAWSA, the federal suffrage law was passed but congressional supporters were unable to obtain action on it.  Under the NAWSA seven states adopted constitutional amendments granting women suffrage rights. Anthony was so determined to gain the support that of women that she even admitted that "I myself asked Mr. Douglass not to come. . . . I did not want anything to get in the way of bringing the Southern white women into our suffrage association." Anthony did not women to be discouraged to attend so she felt that having a black man present would decrease her support. She felt she had to do whatever she could to gain support. After the 19th Amendment was ratified, the NAWSA became the League of Women Voters.
I feel that the National American Women Suffrage Association was extremely powerful and is an example to women everywhere that if we take action, we will get results.

http://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/253521?terms=nawsa

Susan B. Anthony

          Susan B. Anthony was born in Adams, Massachussettes on Feburary 15th, 1820. Anthony was an American civil rights leader who played a strong role in the fight for women's rights in the 19th century. She worked hard to raise awareness of the suffrage of women. She was the co-founder of the Women's Temperence Movement and co-founded the first women's civil rights journal, The Revolution. In her early years she petitioned against slavery and took strong roles in the anti slavery movements. The American Equal Rights Association, which fought for the rights of men and women, supported the 15th amendment which granted suffrage to blacks, not women. This angered Anthony and as a result she devoted her life to getting women the equal rights they deserve.
          In 1869, Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Straton founded the National Woman Suffrage Association that was dedicated to granting women equal rights. In the early years of the assocation, Anthony made many attempts to unite the women that were involved in the labor movement with the suffragist cause.
In February 1890, Anthony began the merger of the NWSA with the American Woman Suffrage Association. This was now called the National American Women Suffrage Association. The creatation of the NAWSA effectivly started more radical elements in the movement. Susan B.Anthony fought for the rights of women and dedicated her life to creating and granting equality for women.

http://hn.bigchalk.com/hnweb/hn/do/document?urn=urn:proquest:US;PQDOC;HNP;PQD;HNP;PROD;x-article-image;101770343&rendition=x-article-image&abstracturn=&pagemapurn=&lastname=Anthony&firstname=Susan%20B.&birthyear=&deathyear=&birthdate=02-15-1820&deathdate=03-13-1906

http://americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/245412?terms=susan%20b%20anthony

Race Relations Continued

After reading these articles, I am shocked to see how apparent the issue of discrimination is in our society. Even after countless actions and laws, blacks are being discriminated against. The actions being taken towards and against blacks are completely unjust. The impact on the communities in which they took place could lead to more violence. After seeing injustice and manslaughter, those from that community may act out and rebel. For example, the racial issues at MSU, which included many hateful messages and slander, have lead over 1,000 students to take action, although not in a violent manner.  For blacks, it could cause them to feel that they are not wanted and are not equal, even after all these years of civil rights. Another incident is the manslaughter of an unarmed African immigrant who had no criminal record. He was killed by four New York City police officers who fired 41 shots at him. There was no reason for his death, just the color of skin.The impact these incidents have on whites could go one of two ways. In one sense it could cause them to stand up and defend those being discriminated. In another sense it could make them feel that this is acceptable, and that they should not be fair to people based off the color of their skin. Both black and white communities could either take action and fight for what is right, or they can rebel and act in violence. All men are created equal and blacks should not be discriminated just for the color of their skin, especially by city officials. 

Huckleberry Finn: The Images of Jim

1.)powerful
trustworthy
caring
protective
leader
faithful
friendly
selfless
motivated

2.)black
strong
tall


3.) The picture that represents Jim as a caring person is the image where he is hugging Huck. This picture shows how much he cares for anothers and how he protects those that he cares for. Jim is much taller and stronger than Huck and feels that he must look out for him as a father figure. His love and overall care he feels for Huck is shown through this image.

4.) In the novel, Jim is displayed as a strong and resourceful man. In this image, Jim is on his hands and knees begging to Huck. This appears to be sign of weakness and shows that he is lacking confidence. In my eyes I see Jim as a strong, confident and powerful man who does not show weakness. After all that he has been through he has kept a tough exterior and I feel that in this image the exterior has been broken down.

5.) The image of Jim and Huck hugging best illustrates the novel's text because it shows Jim's true character. He is a loving, caring and protective man who has respect for Huck.  Mark Twain's words reprensent him as a character because he is different from other slaves. Jim is a non-confomist and ran away from slavery. He is fighting for his freedom and has signifigant meaning in the novel. If he was a caricature he would be like all the other slaves and Twain would not describe him as different.  Jim plays an extremely important role in the novel and Huck is alive because of him. Jim values the importantce of taking care of those who are important in his life.

Another sort of false prayers are our regrets. Discontent is the want of self-reliance: it is infirmity of will.